This study also evaluated through the questionnaire how much MSMs connected through dating apps pay attention to safer sex, particularly using condoms during sexual intercourse. Data from this study revealed a negative correlation between the partners meeting through dating apps and condom usage Table 6. Relationship between safe sex and awareness about sexually transmitted diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and MSM behaviors.

Substance use relationship with high-risk sex has been extensively described in numerous studies. There is a variety of dating apps available in the market. The reason for preference toward these two apps compared with others is a user friendly interface and built in preferences that allow users to share messages and pictures only to the intended audience. A blog share showing weighted average ratings based on customer satisfaction data is worth mentioning and both the apps used by the Thai MSM community stand on top of the list suggesting ill intended use of these apps all across the globe, 12 a notion that still needs to be explored.

This risky sexual behavior associated with substance use is one of the major causes for rapidly spreading acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS in the region. Utilization of dating apps all across the world including Thailand is a reality; however, exploitation of these tools in enticing other fellow members in substance use is a major problem to be tackled. This study evaluated the holistic scenario of substance use invitation and associated response, a major behavioral aspect. There are a number of potential variables impacting the behavior of MSM toward substance use.

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This study performed a stepwise multiple regression to deduce the plausible correlation of substance abuse among MSMs. Inferential statistic data from this study strongly suggest that the use of dating apps, especially among MSMs, increase the risk that dating app users will engage in substance trials due to the high possibility that they will receive persuasions from other dating app users to engage in substance trials Another interesting aspect of this study is that the data are relevant to precautionary measures during sexual intercourse.

Concurrently, substance use during sexual intercourses tends to be related to risky behaviors reducing the likelihood of using condoms. Besides STIs, it is important to mention the short- and long-term issues associated with substance use on human health. Short-term issues include increased heart rate, dizziness, tremors, and mode changes, whereas long-term impact includes mental and physical effects. This study provides critical information that will assist policy makers in developing public health care strategies in Thailand.

However, the authors are also aware of the inherent limitations associated with online studies that need to be addressed in future.

There are several potential avenues for future studies or ongoing work by our group and colleagues. All the data were collected through online interaction, thus limiting physical interactions that always increase the validity of findings and personal thoughts about any study.

Furthermore, people are sometimes reluctant to voluntarily provide information, and it is believed that the findings of this study describe a cluster of sampling units limiting diversity aspects. The study proposes future scientific work involving personal interviews and diversifying the targeted websites and social media channels.

However, it was extremely encouraging, receiving such a high number of responses within a limited time frame utilized in this study.

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Another limitation of this study is relevant to safer sex during intercourse. This study incorporated only condom usage question among MSMs having sexual intercourse under the influence of substance use. It is possible that some of them might be using microbicides and PreExposure Prophylaxis or other formulation that is intended to protect them from STIs during sexual intercourse. A possible future extension of this study is to explore this subject in detail. Furthermore, mobile phone applications for dating is not the only communication channel that is being used by MSMs to look for sexual dating partners.

There might be other specific communication channels for people who use substances during their sexual intercourses or there might be other dating applications that are not included in the questionnaire. This study provides important information relevant to the sexual behaviors of MSMs in Thailand and the associated clandestine activity of motivating others for substance use, by using modern dating apps basically intended to connect people with each other. Furthermore, the attitudes toward substance trials have positive associations with attitudes toward substance trial invitations, and both the attitudes have positive relationships with the behaviors of engaging in persuasion-induced substance trials.

Concurrently, decisions to engage in persuasion-induced substance trials and satisfaction of substance trial invitations are the two main variables that affect the prediction of behaviors of substance trials. Moreover, substance use also affects the risk of STIs, because substance use during sexual intercourse decreased the use of condoms. A possible direction for further research studies is to conduct depth analytical studies on the specific issue by using both qualitative and quantitative research to determine the relationships between the attitudes and behaviors of substance use, sexual intercourses, and prevention measures.

The ethics committee of the School of Communication Arts and Management Innovation at the National Institute of Development Administration, Thailand, gave the ethical approval for this study. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The researchers provided respondents with a description of the study, including the possible risks to the respondent, a privacy statement, and an indication of the presence of questions about sexual activities and substance use.

No identifiable private information was stored. The respondents were allowed to withdraw from the survey, and their responses were discarded. After completing the questionnaires, the respondents would see a web page showing safe sex guidelines and telephone numbers for substance reduction. The authors would like to thank Watcharakorn Choochat for creating and publishing the questionnaires online, and Chanapa Itdhiamornkulchai for translating the Thai manuscript into English, and for her writing assistance and sequence alignment.

National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Psychol Res Behav Manag. Published online Jan Smith Boonchutima and Watsayut Kongchan. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer.

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https: By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Abstract Background Dating apps play a major role in connecting men who are interested in meeting other men for sex. Methods This study evaluated the overall usage of dating apps among Thai men who have sex with men MSMs , with an emphasis on abusing these apps to convey messages encouraging substance use.

Conclusion Dating apps significantly increased motivational substance use through messaging from their counterparts. Background Substance use or illicit drugs usage is a major problem in Thailand and other parts of the world. A questionnaire was designed which included a number of important questions: Methods The research methodology used in this study involves a survey of Thai MSMs using dating apps.

Results A total of respondents submitted their responses to the study questionnaire. I do not see any bad consequences of substance trials. Table 1 Relationship between attitudes toward substance abuse trials and harm perception. Correlation Feel satisfied upon trial invitations Desire to engage in persuasion-induced substance use Decisions to engage in persuasion-induced substance trials I do not see any bad consequences of substance abuse 0.

Open in a separate window. Table 2 Relationship between attitudes toward substance trials, along with attitudes toward persuasions to engage in substance use, with behaviors of engaging in persuasion-induced substance use. Table 3 Correlation coefficients in the stepwise multiple regression. SE, standard error. Table 4 The relationship between satisfaction toward substance abuse, along with the desire to use substances in the future, and frequency of substance abuse. Factors Frequency of substance use Satisfaction toward substance use 0.

Satisfaction toward substance use and the desire to continue in the future are positively correlated with the frequency of substance use. This indicates that people subjected to substance use either realize high satisfaction toward substance use or have high desire, which would ultimately result in higher frequency of substance use.

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Table 5 Correlation of demographic characteristics of respondents with behaviors of engaging in persuasion-induced substance abuse. Demographic characteristics Behaviors of engaging in persuasion-induced substance use Gender 0. Age and monthly income are significantly correlated with the behavioral aspect of persuasion-induced substance use followed by education and gender among Thai MSMs. MSM, men who have sex with men.

Table 6 Relationship between safe sex and awareness about sexually transmitted diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and MSM behaviors. There is a negative correlation between the partners meeting through dating apps and condoms usage. Discussion Substance use relationship with high-risk sex has been extensively described in numerous studies. Study limitations and further research This study provides critical information that will assist policy makers in developing public health care strategies in Thailand.

Conclusion This study provides important information relevant to the sexual behaviors of MSMs in Thailand and the associated clandestine activity of motivating others for substance use, by using modern dating apps basically intended to connect people with each other. Declaration Consent to participate The ethics committee of the School of Communication Arts and Management Innovation at the National Institute of Development Administration, Thailand, gave the ethical approval for this study.

Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Watcharakorn Choochat for creating and publishing the questionnaires online, and Chanapa Itdhiamornkulchai for translating the Thai manuscript into English, and for her writing assistance and sequence alignment.



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Footnotes Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. References 1. Experiences with policing among people who inject drugs in Bangkok, Thailand: PLoS Med. The impact of compulsory drug detention exposure on the avoidance of healthcare among injection drug users in Thailand. Int J Drug Policy. Windle J. Drugs and drug policy in Thailand. Improving Global Drug Policy: Available from: Ruan X, Kaye AD.

Opportunities for exploring and reducing prescription drug abuse through social media. J Addict Dis. J Sex Res. Gays dating applications: Information disclosure and sexual behavior. J Health Res. Lopez L. Business intelligence from social media: Komorita SS. Attitude content, intensity, and the neutral point on a Likert scale. J Soc Psychol. Substance use and high-risk sex among men who have sex with men: AIDS Care. Alvear M.

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They initially demanded hundreds of dollars a week but, as the scheme progressed, eventually began asking for thousands of dollars a week. Prosecutors said the victim never denied their demands. The callers' threats also escalated throughout the scheme.